December 2022 Update

The U.S. Energy Information Administration has now adopted our methodology to make consumption-based electric sector emissions available through their Hourly Electric Grid Monitor. We will continue to maintain this site to enable comparisons (see "About" page).

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energy.stanford.edu/gridemissions

How to read this map

This map displays the hourly carbon footprint of the US electricity system (move the slider to change the date). The map shows the carbon embodied in electricity consumed and exchanged; and consumption-based carbon intensity of grid electricity. The radius of the nodes and width of the arrows scale with consumption and trade, respectively. The color of the nodes and arrows scale with consumption-based carbon intensity. A reference for balancing area acronyms can be found here.

Related publications

  1. "Tracking emissions in the US electricity system", by Jacques A. de Chalendar, John Taggart and Sally M. Benson. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Dec 2019, 116 (51) 25497-25502; DOI.
  2. "Physics-informed data reconciliation framework for real-time electricity and emissions tracking", by Jacques A. de Chalendar and Sally M. Benson. Applied Energy 304 (2021): 117761; DOI; arXiv preprint.